廣豐局地極端大風(fēng)的雷達觀測與成因分析

doi:10.12306/2022jms.0045

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廣豐局地極端大風(fēng)的雷達觀測與成因分析
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                        10.12306/2022jms.0045
                    
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中圖分類號:P445
基金項目:國家重點研發(fā)計劃專項（2018YFC1507503）；國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目（41575036）

Radar observation and cause analysis of extreme strong winds in Guangfeng local area

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利用常規(guī)天氣資料、自動站資料、江西WebGIS雷達拼圖、風(fēng)廓線雷達等資料，對2020年5月9日發(fā)生在江西省上饒市廣豐區(qū)局地極端大風(fēng)天氣的回波演變特征和形成機理進行分析。結(jié)果表明：（1）廣豐區(qū)國家氣象觀測站出現(xiàn)的35.5 m·s^-1極端大風(fēng)，為該站建站以來的歷史極值；（2）江西高空具有明顯的高層輻散，配合高空槽、低層較強輻合和上干冷下暖濕的層結(jié)條件，為風(fēng)暴發(fā)展提供了良好的動力條件；（3）導(dǎo)致廣豐區(qū)極端大風(fēng)天氣的是A、B單體回波合并為超級單體回波后又發(fā)展成弓狀回波結(jié)構(gòu)所致；（4）江西東部走廊對大風(fēng)的影響十分明顯；極端大風(fēng)過境時，具有氣壓上升，降水增大，風(fēng)向突變，風(fēng)速巨變，溫度和露點下降等特征；（5）風(fēng)廓線雷達上1 000 m以上低空突然風(fēng)向逆轉(zhuǎn)，風(fēng)速突增是出現(xiàn)地面大風(fēng)的信號。

Abstract:

Based on conventional weather data, automatic station data, Jiangxi WebGIS radar mosaic, wind profile radar and other data, the echo evolution characteristics and formation mechanism of local extreme gale occurred on May 9, 2020 in Guangfeng district, Shangrao, Jiangxi Province were studied by using synoptic and echo analysis methods. Results show that:(1) the extreme strong wind of 35.5 m·s^-1 at the national meteorological observatory in Guangfeng district is the historical extreme since the establishment of the station; (2) Jiangxi has obvious upper level divergence in the upper atmosphere, combined with strong convergence in the upper trough and lower levels, and the stratification conditions of dry, cold, and warm, wet above, providing good dynamic conditions for the development of storms; (3) the extremely windy weather in Guangfeng district is caused by the merging of single echo A and single echo B into supercell echo and then developing into bow echo structure; (4) the impact of strong winds on the eastern corridor of Jiangxi is very obvious; when extreme winds pass through, they have the characteristics of rising atmospheric pressure, increasing precipitation, sudden changes in wind direction, significant changes in wind speed, and a decrease in temperature and dew point; (5) the sudden reversal of wind direction and sudden increase in wind speed at low altitudes above 1 000 m on the wind profile radar is a signal of strong ground winds. The research results provide analytical methods and reference basis for monitoring and warning of such local strong winds.

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洪俊,馬中元,鄭媛媛,肖瑤,李浙華.廣豐局地極端大風(fēng)的雷達觀測與成因分析.氣象科學(xué),2023,43(5):696-704 HONG Jun, MA Zhongyuan, ZHENG Yuanyuan, XIAO Yao, LI Zhehua. Radar observation and cause analysis of extreme strong winds in Guangfeng local area. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2023,43(5):696-704

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收稿日期:2021-02-28
最后修改日期:2022-02-17
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-01-23
出版日期: 2023-10-15

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