中國汛期雨帶的客觀劃分及其相關環(huán)流特征

doi:10.12306/2023jms.0075

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中國汛期雨帶的客觀劃分及其相關環(huán)流特征
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                        10.12306/2023jms.0075
                    
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中圖分類號:P426
基金項目:國家自然科學基金資助項目(42088101;42175033)

Objective classification of climatological rain belt during floody season in China and their related circulation features

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本文利用1961-2016年中國汛期逐候降水的旋轉經驗正交函數分解(Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function,REOF)方法對中國汛期雨帶進行客觀劃分。根據REOF模態(tài)空間分布以及主成分的氣候態(tài)平均確定了中國汛期6個主要雨帶的落區(qū)和時間,并揭示了各雨帶氣候態(tài)環(huán)流特征。江南春雨雨帶主要發(fā)生在長江以南地區(qū),對應時間為26-27候;南方雨季的雨帶落區(qū)主要在兩廣至福建地區(qū),對應時間為33-34候;江南及中下游梅雨主要落區(qū)在長江以南和長江中下游流域,對應時間分別為34-35和36-37候;華北東北雨季落區(qū)在華北至東北地區(qū),發(fā)生時間為41-42候;華西秋雨落區(qū)在秦嶺及其周圍地區(qū),對應發(fā)生時間為49-52候。在雨帶劃分的基礎上,進一步揭示了各個雨帶典型的對流層中高低氣候態(tài)環(huán)流特征。可為客觀定義汛期雨帶及各雨帶氣候預測提供參考。

Abstract:

Based on the Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function (REOF) decomposition of the pentad mean precipitation data during floody season,the rain belts in China were objectively classified.According to the spatial pattern of the REOF and the climatological mean of principle component,the location and timing of six main rain belts in floody season were defined as follows.The Jiangnan spring rain belt situates in the south of the Yangtze River and occurs in 26th and 27th pentad.The South China rain belt mainly situates in Southeast China and occurs in 33th and 34th pentad.The Jiangnan (Yangtze River) Meiyu rain belt situates in the south of the Yangtze River (Yangtze River basin) with its period in 34th and 35th (36th and 37th) pentad.The North and Northeast China rain belt locates in North and Northeast China with its period in 41st and 42nd pentad.West China autumn rain belt situates in Qinling Mountain and its surrounding region with occurring period from 49th to 52nd pentad.Based on the defined rain belts,the related typical climatological circulation features of each rain belt were further revealed.The present study could provide references for the definition of Chinese rain belts and their seasonal prediction.

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張誠,朱志偉,鐘珊珊,蔣薇.中國汛期雨帶的客觀劃分及其相關環(huán)流特征.氣象科學,2024,44(1):12-24 ZHANG Cheng, ZHU Zhiwei, ZHONG Shanshan, JIANG Wei. Objective classification of climatological rain belt during floody season in China and their related circulation features. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2024,44(1):12-24

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收稿日期:2023-09-19
最后修改日期:2023-10-27
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-03-13
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