江南春雨雨日的變化及其與歐亞大陸積雪的聯(lián)系

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江南春雨雨日的變化及其與歐亞大陸積雪的聯(lián)系
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中圖分類號(hào):P426.6
基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2022YFC3202801)

The variation of spring persistent rainfall days over the southern China and its relationship with snow cover over Eurasia

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利用中國(guó)氣象局提供的1960—2019年江南區(qū)站點(diǎn)觀測(cè)逐日降水?dāng)?shù)據(jù),分析了江南春雨不同持續(xù)時(shí)長(zhǎng)雨日的變化及其與歐亞大陸積雪的聯(lián)系。結(jié)果表明,江南春雨以持續(xù)5 d及以上的長(zhǎng)持續(xù)降水為主,但降水日數(shù)下降趨勢(shì)明顯,導(dǎo)致長(zhǎng)持續(xù)降水減少。利用奇異值分解法(Singular Value Decomposition,SVD)發(fā)現(xiàn),歐亞大陸3—5月積雪覆蓋率與江南春雨雨日數(shù)有顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系。將(48°~59°N,90°~110°E)區(qū)域平均積雪覆蓋率定義為積雪覆蓋指數(shù),通過(guò)指數(shù)與同期大氣環(huán)流的回歸分析發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)積雪偏少時(shí),我國(guó)中北部及西伯利亞地區(qū)500 hPa位勢(shì)高度正異常,在江南區(qū)850 hPa風(fēng)場(chǎng)和水汽通量場(chǎng)西南向負(fù)異常,導(dǎo)致江南春雨雨日數(shù)減少。合成分析進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了積雪偏少會(huì)在江南區(qū)形成異常東北風(fēng)抑制水汽輸送至江南地區(qū),不利于降水發(fā)生。

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Based on the observed daily precipitation data over the southern China from 1960 to 2019, the Spring Persistent Rainfall (SPR) duration, variation of SPR days and its relationship with snow cover in Eurasia were investigated. Results show that the SPR was mainly long-duration rainfalll with more than 5 days. The SPR days had a significant decreasing trend, which may result in the decrease of long-duration rainfall. By using Singular Value Decomposition(SVD), it is found that there is a significant positive correlation between snow cover in Eurasia and SPR days during March to May. The regional averaged snow cover rate over (48°-59°N, 90°-110°E) was defined as snow cover index. The regression analysis of the snow cover index and the atmospheric circulation show that, when there was less snow cover, the geopotential height anomaly at 500 hPa was positive, the wind and water vapor flux southwest anomalies at 850 hPa were negative over the southern China, leading to the decrease of the SPR days. By composition, it was further proved that less snow cover will cause northeast wind to suppress water vapor transportation to the southern China.

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柴佳明,朱堅(jiān).江南春雨雨日的變化及其與歐亞大陸積雪的聯(lián)系.氣象科學(xué),2024,44(2):246-253 CHAI Jiaming, ZHU Jian. The variation of spring persistent rainfall days over the southern China and its relationship with snow cover over Eurasia. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2024,44(2):246-253

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收稿日期:2023-06-05
最后修改日期:2023-06-29
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-05-17
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