盛夏西太平洋副熱帶高壓北跳異常特征及氣候影響分析

doi:10.12306/2024jms.0031

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盛夏西太平洋副熱帶高壓北跳異常特征及氣候影響分析
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                        10.12306/2024jms.0031
                    
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中圖分類號:P426.61;P461.2
基金項目:國家重點研發(fā)計劃資助項目(2023YFF0805404);國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(42175021)

Characteristics of the anomalous northward jump of the western Pacific subtropical high during midsummer and its climate impact

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摘要:

利用1979—2021年ERA5再分析資料,分析了盛夏西太平洋副熱帶高壓(簡稱西太副高)北跳異常特征,研究了不同傳播方向的熱帶大氣低頻信號對盛夏西太副高北跳異常的可能影響,探討了西太副高北跳異常對我國東部地區(qū)夏季氣候的影響。結(jié)果表明:盛夏期間,在西太副高北跳偏早年的北跳之前三候里,海洋性大陸地區(qū)和西太平洋低緯度地區(qū)的OLR場表現(xiàn)為異常的低頻對流抑制逐漸北傳和西北傳,伴隨著對流層低頻非絕熱加熱負(fù)異常傳播到副熱帶地區(qū),從而在副熱帶到中緯度西北太平洋呈現(xiàn)出低頻正位勢高度異常,有利于盛夏期間西太副高北跳。在盛夏西太副高北跳偏晚年的北跳之前三候里,副熱帶西太平洋OLR為對流抑制異常的逐候增強并西北傳,對應(yīng)的對流層非絕熱加熱負(fù)異常也逐漸西北傳,并激發(fā)出北太平洋上空的低頻波列,該低頻波列中的中緯度異常反氣旋西移,有利于西太副高北跳。在盛夏西太副高北跳偏早年,我國長江以北地區(qū)更易出現(xiàn)極端高溫,東北、黃淮和江南地區(qū)更易發(fā)生持續(xù)性強降水;在偏晚年,我國西南和江南地區(qū)更易出現(xiàn)極端高溫,長江中下游地區(qū)更易出現(xiàn)強度更強的持續(xù)性強降水事件。

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Based on the ERA5 reanalysis data from 1979 to 2021, this study investigated the characteristics of the anomalous northward jump of the Western Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) during midsummer and analyzed the influence of the tropical Intraseasonal Oscillation (ISO) originating from various sources on the anomaly. The climatic effects of the anomalous WPSH northward jump during summertime over eastern China were also discussed. When the northward jump occurs earlier than normal, during the three leading pentads before the northward jump, there is a notable suppression of low-frequency convection over the Maritime Continent and tropical western Pacific, which gradually propagates northward and northwestward before the northward jump. In the meantime, a negative low-frequency diabatic heating anomaly propagates to the subtropics. The above factors result in positive geopotential height anomalies over the mid-latitude western Pacific, favoring the WPSH northward jump during midsummer. When the northward jump occurs later than normal, during the three leading pentads before the northward jump,there is an intensified suppression of low-frequency convection over the subtropical western Pacific, and it propagates northwestward.The negative diabatic heating anomaly over the tropical western Pacific also propagates northwestward.It excites a low-frequency teleconnection wave train over the North Pacific. The WPSH jumps accompanied by the westward shift of the anomalous mid-latitude anticyclone.In the earlier years, more extremely high temperature events occur over north of the Yangtze River region, and the regions over Northeast, Huanghuai, and Jiangnan are more likely to suffer persistent heavy rainfall. In the later years, the regions over Southwest and Jiangnan are more prone to extremely high temperatures, and the area of middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are more likely to suffer more frequent and intense persistent heavy rainfall.

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何劍橋,任雪娟.盛夏西太平洋副熱帶高壓北跳異常特征及氣候影響分析.氣象科學(xué),2024,44(4):603-615 HE Jianqiao, REN Xuejuan. Characteristics of the anomalous northward jump of the western Pacific subtropical high during midsummer and its climate impact. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2024,44(4):603-615

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收稿日期:2024-03-18
最后修改日期:2024-04-25
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-09-23
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