一次冰雹回波自動(dòng)識(shí)別的實(shí)踐與應(yīng)用

doi:10.12306/2023jms.0068

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一次冰雹回波自動(dòng)識(shí)別的實(shí)踐與應(yīng)用
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                        10.12306/2023jms.0068
                    
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中圖分類號(hào):P426.64
基金項(xiàng)目:北極閣基金資助項(xiàng)目(BJG202208);國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2022YFC3003904);江西省氣象局重點(diǎn)科研項(xiàng)目(JX2022Z04);江西省氣象局面上資助項(xiàng)目(JX2022M03);景德鎮(zhèn)市科技計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2022SF003)

Practice and application of automatic recognition of a hail echo

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本文使用雷達(dá)拼圖網(wǎng)格點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)和自動(dòng)識(shí)別軟件,采用圖像識(shí)別技術(shù)與方法,對(duì)2022年3月14日冰雹回波特征進(jìn)行識(shí)別與檢驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明:(1)冰雹發(fā)生在200 hPa高空出流區(qū)、500 hPa南支槽和風(fēng)切變、850 hPa低渦和切變線、地面輻合線和西南倒槽天氣形勢(shì)中,以及CAPE值較大、逆溫層較強(qiáng)、“上干下濕”、0 ℃層較低等環(huán)境條件下。(2)冰雹以微型超級(jí)單體(Micro supercell)回波為主,有時(shí)孤立存在,有時(shí)在回波群、回波帶之中?；夭◤?qiáng)度≥60 dBZ,最小強(qiáng)回波面積≥18 km²(微型超級(jí)單體),最大≥180 km²(經(jīng)典超級(jí)單體),強(qiáng)回波梯度≤6 km,具有明顯的云砧回波結(jié)構(gòu)。(3)自動(dòng)識(shí)別強(qiáng)回波邊緣的算法采用DBSCAN聚類算法(DBSCAN Clustering Algorithm)和散點(diǎn)輪廓算法(Scatter Contour Algorithm)相結(jié)合。每10 min 一次可同時(shí)識(shí)別出多個(gè)強(qiáng)回波,最多有19個(gè)之多。(4)經(jīng)典超級(jí)單體個(gè)例都出現(xiàn)在≥65 dBZ的回波核中,最強(qiáng)為73 dBZ。強(qiáng)回波梯度最小為1 km,最大為5.66 km,多數(shù)云砧回波在1∶1~1∶3。(5)通過對(duì)另外4次冰雹回波的識(shí)別與實(shí)踐檢驗(yàn),結(jié)果顯示此識(shí)別方法效果較好。

Abstract:

In this paper, radar mosaic grid point data and automatic recognition software were used to identify and test the characteristics of hail echo on March 14, 2022 based on image recognition technology and methods. Results show that: (1) hail occurs in 200 hPa high-altitude outflow area, 500 hPa southern trough and wind shear, 850 hPa low vortex and shear line, ground convergence line, and southwest trough weather pattern, as well as in environmental conditions such as high CAPE value, strong inversion layer, "dry above and wet below", and low 0 ℃ layer in Nanchang. (2) Hail is mainly reflected by micro supercell echoes, sometimes isolated, and sometimes within echo groups and bands. The echo intensity is equal to and above 60 dBZ, with a minimum strong echo area of ≥18 km² (micro supercell) and a maximum of ≥180 km² (classic supercell). The strong echo gradient is ≤6 km, and it has a clear cloud anvil echo structure. (3) The algorithm for automatically identifying strong echo edges adopts a combination of DBSCAN Clustering Algorithm and Scatter Contour Algorithm. Multiple strong echoes can be identified simultaneously every 10 minutes, up to a maximum of 19. (4) Classic supercell cases all appear in echo nuclei with ≥65 dBZ, with the strongest being 73 dBZ. The minimum gradient of strong echo is 1 km and the maximum is 5.66 km, with most cloud anvil echoes ranging from 1∶1 to 1∶3. (5) Through the identification and practical testing of four other hail echoes, the identification method has shown good results.

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陳鮑發(fā),鄭媛媛,慕瑞琪,段和平,盧秋芳.一次冰雹回波自動(dòng)識(shí)別的實(shí)踐與應(yīng)用.氣象科學(xué),2024,44(4):723-734 CHEN Baofa, ZHENG Yuanyuan, MU Ruiqi, DUAN Heping, LU Qiufang. Practice and application of automatic recognition of a hail echo. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2024,44(4):723-734

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收稿日期:2023-03-21
最后修改日期:2023-07-31
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2024-09-23
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