基于機(jī)載探空和雷達(dá)觀測(cè)資料的冰相粒子譜特征分析

doi:10.12306/2024jms.0034

首頁(yè) > 過(guò)刊瀏覽>2024年第44卷第5期 >936-948. DOI:10.12306/2024jms.0034

基于機(jī)載探空和雷達(dá)觀測(cè)資料的冰相粒子譜特征分析
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                        10.12306/2024jms.0034
                    
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中圖分類號(hào):P407.7
基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(42025501;42175159);中央高?；究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金資助項(xiàng)目(020714380177);江蘇省社會(huì)發(fā)展重大科技示范項(xiàng)目(BE2023766);國(guó)家災(zāi)害天氣國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開(kāi)放項(xiàng)目(2022LASW-A01;2023LASW-A01)

Investigating ice particle size distribution characteristics using collocated aircraft in-situ measurements and radar observations

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摘要:

為獲取不同種類冰相粒子擬合譜參數(shù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)關(guān)系,本文利用2017年5月22日的飛機(jī)原位探測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)中國(guó)北方地區(qū)的冰相粒子譜進(jìn)行研究。針對(duì)機(jī)載高容量降水光譜儀(High Volume Precipitation Spectrometer, HVPS)觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),提出了一種基于決策樹方法的圖像分類算法,可將水凝物粒子分為小冰晶、柱狀冰晶、聚合狀雪花和雨滴,并提取出水凝物粒徑、軸比和數(shù)量等特征,結(jié)合采樣體積計(jì)算沿飛行軌跡的各類水凝物的粒子譜。利用觀測(cè)粒子譜的各階矩將其擬合為Gamma譜分布,并分析譜分布參數(shù)間的統(tǒng)計(jì)關(guān)系,該關(guān)系可作為雷達(dá)反演模型的約束條件。為了驗(yàn)證擬合粒子譜參數(shù)的準(zhǔn)確性,利用T矩陣方法計(jì)算沿飛行軌跡的各類水凝物散射特性,并使用雷達(dá)模擬器結(jié)合擬合粒子譜模擬雷達(dá)變量。結(jié)果表明,模擬雷達(dá)反射率與附近S波段雷達(dá)觀測(cè)結(jié)果吻合良好,在整個(gè)飛行過(guò)程中平均絕對(duì)誤差為19.55%,這可能是由飛行觀測(cè)和雷達(dá)觀測(cè)的采樣體積不同以及T矩陣方法中參數(shù)假設(shè)所造成的?；谟^測(cè)構(gòu)建中國(guó)北部背景下粒子譜和雷達(dá)變量間的物理關(guān)系,可以改進(jìn)冰相粒子譜的雷達(dá)反演算法,為進(jìn)一步分析冰相微物理過(guò)程,提高數(shù)值預(yù)報(bào)的準(zhǔn)確性提供基礎(chǔ)。

Abstract:

In order to obtain the statistical relationship of fitted particle distribution parameters of various kinds of ice phase particles, the PSDs of ice hydrometeors in North China were studied using aircraft in-situ observations on 22 May 2017. A new particle habit classification algorithm based on decision tree method for High-volume Precipitation Spectrometer (HVPS) images was introduced, which can automatically classify hydrometeor into small ice crystal, column, aggregate snow, and rain and can detect hydrometeor characteristics such as particle size, aspect ratio, and quantity. Based on the hydrometeor characteristics detected by this classification algorithm and instrument sampling volume, the PSDs along the flight track were calculated and fitted to Gamma distributions using multiple moments of the PSDs. The statistical relations between different parameters of the Gamma distributions were then examined, which can be used as constraints in building radar retrieval algorithm. To verify the observed PSDs, radar variables were simulated by radar simulator that uses the gamma fitted PSDs along the flight track and single scattering properties of hydrometeors calculated using the T-matrix method. The simulated radar reflectivity shows good agreement with a nearby operational S-band radar observations, with a mean absolute error of 19.55% over the entire flight. This difference may be caused by different sample volume of the airborne observations and radar observations, and uncertainties in parameters used in T-matrix calculation. The collocated observed PSD characteristics in North China can help to improve the retrieval algorithms of ice PSDs with radars, which can improve the analysis of the ice phase microphysical processes and would help improve the microphysical parameterization of numerical modeling in the future.

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李安文,呂迎輝,趙坤,黃浩,胡向峰,段英.基于機(jī)載探空和雷達(dá)觀測(cè)資料的冰相粒子譜特征分析.氣象科學(xué),2024,44(5):936-948 LI Anwen, Lü Yinghui, ZHAO Kun, HUANG Hao, HU Xiangfeng, DUAN Ying. Investigating ice particle size distribution characteristics using collocated aircraft in-situ measurements and radar observations. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2024,44(5):936-948

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收稿日期:2024-04-03
最后修改日期:2024-05-20
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