青藏高原東緣邊坡地區(qū)暖季降水的精細(xì)化特征分析

doi:10.12306/2023jms.0015

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青藏高原東緣邊坡地區(qū)暖季降水的精細(xì)化特征分析
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                        10.12306/2023jms.0015
                    
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中圖分類號:P426.6
基金項目:西藏科技廳重大專項(XZ202402ZD0006);國家自然科學(xué)基金重點資助項目(42030611);國家自然基金重大研究計劃集成項目(91937301);中國氣象局決策氣象服務(wù)專項重點項目(JCZX2023010);高原與盆地暴雨旱澇災(zāi)害四川省重點實驗室發(fā)展基金項目(SCQXKJQN202217;SCQXKJQN202216;SCQXKJYJXZD202202);川西南(雅安)暴雨實驗室研究型業(yè)務(wù)面上專項(CXNBYSYSM202406))

Fine-scale characteristics of warm season precipitation over the eastern periphery of the Tibetan Plateau

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摘要:

利用2013—2019 年四川省信息中心提供的逐小時降水自動觀測數(shù)據(jù),分析了四川盆地西南緣與青藏高原東緣之間從平原到高原地形陡升區(qū)的降水時空分布特征。結(jié)果表明:(1)暖季降水量總體呈兩高(西南部、東部)一低(中部)分布,累計降水大值中心主要位于雅安市滎經(jīng)縣龍蒼溝。降水量與降水頻率以及降水強度三者的空間配置差異性較大,其中降水強度與海拔高度呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),即海拔越高的地區(qū),降水強度越弱;(2)暖季小時降水的月變化和日變化均呈單峰型結(jié)構(gòu)。除西北部的瀘定縣降水強度在6月達(dá)到峰值外,大部分地區(qū)累計降水量、降水強度均在7、8月達(dá)到峰值;(3)夜雨特征明顯,日降水峰值主要出現(xiàn)在15—16時(世界時,下同),谷值出現(xiàn)在05—06時。夜雨量占全天的76%,明顯多于晝雨量。累計降水量、降水頻次以及降水強度的日變化峰值在水平空間上表現(xiàn)出自南向北、自西向東增加的趨勢,時間上表現(xiàn)出自南向北、自東向西傳播的特征,且日降水峰值出現(xiàn)時間隨海拔增加而逐漸提前;(4)研究區(qū)域內(nèi)暖季降水以0.1~1.0 mm的小時降水量為主,頻率高達(dá)60%~70%。20 mm以下不同量級的降水日變化呈單峰結(jié)構(gòu),20 mm以上的短時強降水表現(xiàn)出雙峰日變化特征,第二峰值出現(xiàn)在20時。隨著小時降水量級的增加,對應(yīng)的降水頻次日變化幅度也逐漸增加,峰值時間逐漸提前。

Abstract:

Based on the hourly rain gauge records from 2013 to 2019,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of warm season precipitation in the slope area between the eastern periphery of the Tibet Plateau and southwestern Sichuan basin were examined. Results show that: (1) the accumulated warm season precipitation displayed large value in both southwestern and eastern region,but low in middle,and its center located at Longcanggou,Yingjing County,Ya'an City. The spatial distribution of precipitation frequency and precipitation intensity are also found quit different from that in accumulate precipitation,and among these three features,the precipitation intensity has a significant negative correlation with terrain height,that is,the higher the terrain height,the weaker the precipitation intensity. (2) The monthly and daily variations of hourly precipitation in warm season show a single peak structure. Except that, the precipitation intensity in Luding County peaks in June, but the cumulative precipitation and precipitation intensity in most study areas reach the peak in July or August. (3) The nocturnal rainfall dominates the warm season precipitation over the the eastern periphery of the Tibet Plateau. The diurnal rainfall peaks from 1500 UTC to 1600 UTC,when the lowest value reaches from 0500 UTC to 0600 UTC. The rainfall at night accounts for 76% of the whole day,which is significantly higher than that in the daytime. The diurnal peak value of cumulative precipitation,precipitation frequency and precipitation intensity show the trend of increasing from south to north and from west to East in horizontal space,and propagating from south to north and from east to west,and besides,the diurnal peaks advanced as the terrain height increased. (4) The hourly precipitation of 0.1-1.0 mm dominates the warm season precipitation in the slope area,with a high frequency of 60%-70%. The precipitation of different magnitude below 20 mm shows a single peak structure,while the short-term heavy precipitation(hourly precipitation above 20 mm) exhibits two diurnal peaks with on at midnight and the other at 2000 UTC. With the increase of hourly precipitation magnitude,the daily variation range of corresponding precipitation frequency also increases,and the peak time is gradually advanced.

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王欽,曾波,董元昌.青藏高原東緣邊坡地區(qū)暖季降水的精細(xì)化特征分析.氣象科學(xué),2025,45(1):57-67 WANG Qin, ZENG Bo, DONG Yuanchang. Fine-scale characteristics of warm season precipitation over the eastern periphery of the Tibetan Plateau. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2025,45(1):57-67

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收稿日期:2022-04-26
最后修改日期:2022-07-16
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-03-08
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