2021年"4·30"南通地區(qū)大風數(shù)值模擬與形成機理分析

doi:10.12306/2022jms.0022

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2021年"4·30"南通地區(qū)大風數(shù)值模擬與形成機理分析
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                        10.12306/2022jms.0022
                    
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中圖分類號:P458.123
基金項目:國家自然科學基金資助項目(42175003)

The formation mechanism and numerical simulation of the "4.30" gale in Nantong in 2021

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摘要:

2021年4月30日江蘇省南通地區(qū)出現(xiàn)伴隨颮線過程的冰雹、大風等強對流天氣。本文利用WRF-ARW模式進行敏感性數(shù)值試驗,以此探究環(huán)境背景場對對流系統(tǒng)生消演變過程的可能影響途徑。結果表明,該大風天氣與颮線系統(tǒng)的結構、強度密切相關。颮線冷池強度會影響大風的生成和強度,相應的動力和熱力共同作用影響下沉氣流的強度,進而影響地面風速。增加中層水汽會減弱冷池強度和范圍,颮線強度減弱,移速變慢;關閉降水蒸發(fā)作用,產生的對流系統(tǒng)沒有冷池,結構與颮線不同。冷池的減弱或消失使得下沉氣流和低層輻散減弱,中層動量無法下傳,進而導致地面風速減弱。

Abstract:

A severe convective weather with hail and strong winds accompanied by the squall line process occurred in Nantong, Jiangsu Province on 30 April 2021. The WRF-ARW model was used to conduct sensitivity numerical experiments to investigate how the environmental field influences the evolution of the convective system. Results indicate that the strong winds weather was closely related to the structure and intensity of the squall line system. The intensity of the cold pool in the squall line affected the formation and intensity of the strong winds. The corresponding dynamic and thermal forces combined affect the intensity of the downdraft, thus affecting the surface wind speed. The intensity and range of the cold pool were weakened by the increase of middle-level water vapor, the squall line intensity was weakened and the moving speed was slow. When the raindrop evaporation was turned off, the resulting convective system had no cold pool, and its structure was different from the squall line. The weakening or disappearance of the cold pool weakens the downdraft, weakens the divergence in the lower layer, and the momentum in the middle layer cannot be transmitted downward, leading to the weakening of the surface wind speed.

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張月,葛旭陽.2021年"4·30"南通地區(qū)大風數(shù)值模擬與形成機理分析.氣象科學,2025,45(1):82-94 ZHANG Yue, GE Xuyang. The formation mechanism and numerical simulation of the "4.30" gale in Nantong in 2021. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2025,45(1):82-94

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收稿日期:2021-12-05
最后修改日期:2022-03-30
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-03-08
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