中國區(qū)域夏季AMDAR資料與ECMWF再分析資料的對比分析

doi:10.12306/2022jms.0101

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中國區(qū)域夏季AMDAR資料與ECMWF再分析資料的對比分析
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                        10.12306/2022jms.0101
                    
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中圖分類號:P456.7
基金項目:國家自然科學基金資助項目(42275171);遼寧省重點研發(fā)資助項目(2020JH2/10300091)

Comparative analysis of summer ECMWF reanalysis data and AMDAR data in China

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摘要:

利用2016—2018年夏季飛機報資料,統(tǒng)計分析我國AMDAR(Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay)資料時空分布特征及與歐洲中期天氣預報中心(European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF)再分析資料間的差異。結(jié)果表明:2016—2018年夏季,我國每日AMDAR數(shù)據(jù)報文量可達5萬份,受航班影響,資料地域分布差異大,且具有明顯的日變化特征;垂直分布上,起飛和降落及平飛階段報文量大,占總報文數(shù)近60%。通過對質(zhì)量控制后AMDAR數(shù)據(jù)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),剔除的數(shù)據(jù)多為重復數(shù)據(jù),主要由0~2 km飛機近地層起降導致。將質(zhì)量控制后數(shù)據(jù)與ECMWF再分析資料對比發(fā)現(xiàn),AMDAR資料與ECMWF再分析資料在空間上有很好的一致性。兩類資料偏差統(tǒng)計顯示,對于AMDAR觀測得到的溫度較ECMWF再分析數(shù)據(jù)偏低1~2 ℃,且偏差隨著高度增加。進一步的統(tǒng)計結(jié)果顯示,二者之間的溫度均方根誤差8 km以下接近2 ℃,8 km以上為3 ℃左右,受風速影響變化不大;而從風向和風速的對比來看,AMDAR觀測與ECMWF再分析相比能夠較好地符合無偏正態(tài)分布,風向均方根誤差隨高度變化不大,而隨著風速的增加減小,當風速大于10 m·s^-1時,偏差在21°以下;風速的平均偏差接近于1 m·s^-1,均方根誤差隨高度變化不大,但隨風速的增大而增加。

Abstract:

Using the national aircraft report data in the summer of 2016-2018, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of China's aircraft report and their differences with ECWMF reanalysis data were statistically analyzed. Results show that aircraft report data is a good supplement for high-altitude observations. In the summer of 2016 to 2018, China's daily message can reach 50 000. Affected by flights, the geographical distribution varies greatly and has obvious daily variation characteristics. On the vertical distribution,the number of messages during takeoff, landing and level flight stage is large, accounting for nearly 60% of the total number. After the quality control of aircraft report data, it was found that the excluded data are mostly repetitive data, and is mainly caused by takeoffs and landings of 0-2 km aircraft near the ground. Comparing the post-QC control data with ECMMF reanalysis data, there is a good spatial consistency between them. Deviation statistics show that the temperature observed by AMDAR was 1-2 ℃ lower than that of the ECMWF reanalysis data, and the deviation increased with altitude.Further statistical results show that the root mean square error between the two is close to 2 ℃ below 8 km, and about 3 ℃ above 8 km, little change is affected by wind speed. From the comparison of wind direction and wind speed, AMDAR observation can better conform to the unbiased normal distribution compared with ECMWF reanalysis data. The root mean square error of wind direction does not change much with the height, and with the increase of wind speed, when the wind speed is greater than 10 m·s^-1, the deviation is below 21°. The average deviation of wind speed is close to 1 m·s^-1, and the root mean square error does not change much with height, but increases with the increase of wind speed.

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段云霞,李得勤,楊森,崔錦,王月,徐爽.中國區(qū)域夏季AMDAR資料與ECMWF再分析資料的對比分析.氣象科學,2025,45(1):136-144 DUAN Yunxia, LI Deqin, YANG Sen, CUI Jin, WANG Yue, XU Shuang. Comparative analysis of summer ECMWF reanalysis data and AMDAR data in China. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2025,45(1):136-144

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收稿日期:2022-09-17
最后修改日期:2022-11-17
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-03-08
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