2022年初一次自然結(jié)冰的試飛氣象條件分析

doi:10.12306/2022jms.0099

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2022年初一次自然結(jié)冰的試飛氣象條件分析
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                        10.12306/2022jms.0099
                    
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中圖分類號:P426
基金項目:國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計劃項目(2018YFC1506102);民用飛機(jī)專項科研項目(MJZ5)

Meteorological conditions analysis of a natural icing test flight in early 2022

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2022年1月20日,在陜西及周邊地區(qū)開展了飛機(jī)自然結(jié)冰飛行試驗(yàn),利用機(jī)載探測資料對飛機(jī)結(jié)冰強(qiáng)度及運(yùn)輸類飛機(jī)適航標(biāo)準(zhǔn)CCAR 25部附錄C包線的符合性進(jìn)行了分析,并利用常規(guī)氣象資料、大氣再分析資料和衛(wèi)星云圖等給出了該飛行試驗(yàn)過程的結(jié)冰氣象條件及云層宏微觀特征。結(jié)果表明:此次飛機(jī)自然結(jié)冰發(fā)生在西南暖濕氣流北抬和地面回流強(qiáng)冷空氣造成中低空深厚逆溫層結(jié)的天氣背景下。試驗(yàn)區(qū)域內(nèi)的環(huán)境溫度為-9~-5℃,相對濕度大于80%,水汽通量散度小于-0.9×10^-7 g·s^-1·hPa^-1·cm^-2,有利產(chǎn)生自然結(jié)冰。同時,云層上部存在0~5 cm·s^-1的弱上升氣流,對過冷云滴的增長起促進(jìn)作用。機(jī)載探測數(shù)據(jù)顯示云內(nèi)過冷小云滴豐富,且分布較均勻,數(shù)濃度平均值為445~956個·cm^-3,LWC平均值為0.28~0.39 g·m^-3,MVD平均值為13.88~15.91 μm,呈現(xiàn)典型層狀云特征。此外,云中伴有少量的過冷大水滴,無明顯冰晶粒子生成,云內(nèi)貝吉隆過程不顯著。飛機(jī)共開展8次穿云試驗(yàn),第6次為重度結(jié)冰,其余以中度結(jié)冰為主,僅瞬時出現(xiàn)重度結(jié)冰。LWC、MVD及環(huán)境溫度低于CCAR 25部附錄C規(guī)定的連續(xù)最大結(jié)冰狀態(tài),滿足飛行條件。

Abstract:

An aircraft natural icing flight test was carried out in Shaanxi and its surrounding areas on January 20, 2022. The aircraft icing intensity and the compliance of Appendix C envelope of CCAR 25 airworthiness standard for transport aircraft were analyzed by using airborne detection data. The meteorological conditions of icing and the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of clouds during the flight test were given by using conventional meteorological data, atmospheric reanalysis data and satellite cloud images. The results show that the natural icing of the aircraft occurred under the weather background of the north uplift of the southwest warm and humid airflow and the deep inversion stratification of the middle and low altitude caused by the strong cold air backflow from the ground. The ambient temperature in the test area is during -9 and -5 ℃, the relative humidity is more than 80%, and the water vapor flux divergence is less than -0.9×10^-7 g·s^-1·hPa^-1·cm^-2, which is beneficial to the natural icing. At the same time, there is a weak updraft of 0-5 cm·s^-1 in the upper parts of the cloud, which promotes the growth of supercooled cloud droplets. Airborne detection data show that the supercooled small cloud droplets in the cloud are rich and evenly distributed. The average number concentration was 445-956 cm^-3, and the average LWC was 0.28-0.39 g·m^-3, and the average MVD was 13.88-15.91 μm, which presenting typical stratiform cloud characteristics. In addition, the cloud is accompanied by a small amount of supercooled large water droplets, no obvious ice crystal formation, cloud Bergeron process is not significant. The aircraft carried out a total of 8 cloud penetration tests. The sixth time was severe icing, and the rest was mainly moderate icing, with only instantaneous severe icing. The LWC, MVD and ambient temperature are lower than the continuous maximum icing state specified in appendix C of CCAR 25, which meets the flight conditions.

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閆文輝,黃興友,劉玉寶,倪洪波,王澤林,趙利利.2022年初一次自然結(jié)冰的試飛氣象條件分析.氣象科學(xué),2025,45(2):205-215 YAN Wenhui, HUANG Xingyou, LIU Yubao, NI Hongbo, WANG Zelin, ZHAO Lili. Meteorological conditions analysis of a natural icing test flight in early 2022. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2025,45(2):205-215

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收稿日期:2022-09-03
最后修改日期:2022-10-16
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-07-03
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