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影響緊水灘水庫(kù)流域的兩次熱帶氣旋降水特征及其成因?qū)Ρ?/div>
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                        10.12306/2023jms.0013
                    
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中圖分類號(hào):P426.615;P458.121
基金項(xiàng)目:浙江省自然科學(xué)聯(lián)合基金資助項(xiàng)目(LZJMY24D050007;LZJMY23D050004);浙江省基礎(chǔ)公益研究計(jì)劃(LGF21D050002);浙江省氣象科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2021YB10;2020ZD05;2023ZD10;2023ZD12)

Rainfall characteristics and causes of two track-similar tropical cyclones associated with Jinshuitan reservoir basin

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利用2000—2016年泛浙江區(qū)域的逐小時(shí)觀測(cè)降水?dāng)?shù)據(jù)、緊水灘流域雨量觀測(cè)報(bào)汛站的逐日及逐3 h面雨量數(shù)據(jù)、ERA5逐小時(shí)0.25°×0.25°再分析數(shù)據(jù)和上海臺(tái)風(fēng)所熱帶氣旋最佳路徑數(shù)據(jù)集,對(duì)影響緊水灘水庫(kù)流域的歷史臺(tái)風(fēng)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì),挑選出路徑最為相似但在該流域降水量差異最為顯著的一對(duì)臺(tái)風(fēng): "碧利斯" (0010)和"鲇魚"(1617),并對(duì)其降水特征及其成因進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究。結(jié)果表明,雖然"碧利斯"強(qiáng)度更強(qiáng),但其在緊水灘流域的過程面雨量及最大累積降水方面均明顯弱于"鲇魚"。經(jīng)分析可知成因如下:(1)前者移速較快,強(qiáng)降水持續(xù)時(shí)間較短。(2)環(huán)境場(chǎng)方面,"碧利斯"活動(dòng)期間高層南亞高壓主體更強(qiáng),但其活動(dòng)區(qū)域遠(yuǎn)離高壓中心,受16 700 gpm線控制,而"鲇魚"處于高壓中心16 750 gpm線控制下,更有利于出現(xiàn)強(qiáng)輻散;中層"碧利斯"活動(dòng)期間副高較強(qiáng),引導(dǎo)作用顯著,"鲇魚"處于兩環(huán)高壓之間,環(huán)境場(chǎng)引導(dǎo)作用較弱;低層大尺度水汽輸送條件方面,前者優(yōu)于后者,但關(guān)注時(shí)段內(nèi)緊水灘流域處于"碧利斯"的水汽輻散區(qū)、"鲇魚"的水汽輻合區(qū),這是導(dǎo)致局地降水差異顯著的重要原因之一。(3)多要素及集合動(dòng)力因子診斷分析表明,關(guān)注時(shí)段內(nèi)"碧利斯"與"鲇魚"在緊水灘上空比濕及對(duì)流渦度矢量分布均相似,但后者上升運(yùn)動(dòng)及散度垂直通量明顯強(qiáng)于前者,即局地垂直運(yùn)動(dòng)和相應(yīng)的低層輻合、高層輻散較強(qiáng),是引發(fā)"鲇魚"在該流域形成強(qiáng)降水的另一重要原因。

Abstract:

Based on the hourly precipitation observation of Zhejiang Province and its adjacent area, daily and 3-hourly areal rainfall data of Jinshuitan reservoir basin, ERA5 hourly reanalysis (0.25°×0.25°) and best track data set from Shanghai Typhoon Institute, historical Tropical Cyclones (TCs) that had an influence on Jinshuitan reservoir basin between 2000 and 2016 are investigated statistically. A pair of TCs, Bilis(0010) and Megi(1617) are picked out as they have the most similar tracks while with the most significant rainfall difference. The causes of this difference are investigated in detail subsequently. In spite that Bilis has greater intensity than that of Megi, its areal and maximum accumulative rainfall are both much less than the latter’s. Reasons are as follows. Firstly, Bilis has a faster translation speed and relatively shorter rainfall duration. Secondly, as for the general circulation, the South Asia High (SAH) at 100 hPa is stronger during the lifespan of Bilis than that of Megi, but Bilis is under the control of 16 700 gpm contour, far away from the SAH center, while Megi is within 16 750 gpm area and beneficial for stronger divergence at high level. At middle level, the west Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) is stronger during the life cycle of Bilis, playing an effective steering role. However, Megi keeps its way between two rings of WPSH, which is not favorable to a fast forward movement. Large-scale water vapor transportation of Bilis at lower level is more vigorous than that of Megi, but Jinshuitan reservoir basin is mainly covered in the water vapor divergent area during the time period we focus, whereas it is in the convergent area during that of Megi, proving to be one of the most important reasons of the marked rainfall difference. Thirdly, multifactorial diagnostic analysis show that Bilis and Megi have similar distribution of specific humidity and vertical component of convective vorticity vector, but when ascending motion and vertical divergence flux are involved, it is found that Megi is much stronger than Bilis. The above result shows that stronger updraft along with stronger lower-level convergence and higher-level divergence is another important reason for the more intense rainfall of Megi.

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許孌,朱占云,任晨平,邱金晶.影響緊水灘水庫(kù)流域的兩次熱帶氣旋降水特征及其成因?qū)Ρ?氣象科學(xué),2025,45(2):240-253 XU Luan, ZHU Zhanyun, REN Chenping, QIU Jinjing. Rainfall characteristics and causes of two track-similar tropical cyclones associated with Jinshuitan reservoir basin. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2025,45(2):240-253

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收稿日期:2021-09-10
最后修改日期:2023-04-17
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-07-03
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