新疆天山一次冬季地形云過程地面碘化銀催化模擬研究

doi:10.12306/2022jms.0040

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新疆天山一次冬季地形云過程地面碘化銀催化模擬研究
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                        10.12306/2022jms.0040
                    
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中圖分類號:P481
基金項目:西北區(qū)域人工影響天氣能力建設(shè)項目(ZQC-R18211,RYSY201902);國家自然科學基金資助項目(41775136)

Simulation of silver iodide ground catalysis in a winter orographic cloud in Tianshan, Xinjiang

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本研究將碘化銀核化參數(shù)化方案耦合至WRF模式中,并利用該模式對2021年1月22—23日發(fā)生在新疆中天山區(qū)域的一次冬季地形云個例進行了人工催化模擬研究。根據(jù)新疆天山地區(qū)地面煙爐的實際位置選擇白楊溝牧試站煙爐陣所在位置作為模式中地面煙爐位置,在22日18—19時對此次地形云過程進行地面煙爐催化模擬。主要結(jié)論如下:地面煙爐釋放的碘化銀粒子在氣流和地形的作用下向下風向云區(qū)擴散,通過凍結(jié)和凝華過程核化生成冰晶,消耗云水。地面煙爐西側(cè)與南側(cè)為上坡,上空云水距離地面較近,對云水的消耗以及冰晶的生成主要集中在地面煙爐西側(cè)和南側(cè)的山坡上空。碘化銀粒子活化過程主要集中在18—20時(世界時),活化過程促進了該時間段內(nèi)3 km高度以下云滴向冰晶的轉(zhuǎn)化以及冰晶向雪的轉(zhuǎn)化過程,催化使得3 km以下雪的含量增加,從而導致18—20時地面降雪強度增強,地面累計降雪增加。不同劑量的催化試驗表明,當?shù)饣y播撒總量在480 g內(nèi)時,增雪效率隨著播撒總量的增加而增加。當播撒總量增加至4 800 g時,存在過量播撒。播撒總量在480~4 800 g之間存在一個增雪效率最大的總量值。對于煙爐陣內(nèi)的6臺地面煙爐,開機工作的煙爐越多,增雪效率越大。

Abstract:

In this study, parameterization scheme of silver iodide nucleation is coupled to the WRF model, and the model is used to simulate a winter orographic cloud in the Middle Tianshan of Xinjiang from January 22 to 23, 2021.According to the actual position of the ground-based generators in the Tianshan area of Xinjiang, the position of the ground-based generator array of Baiyanggou Mushi station is selected as the position of the ground-based generator in the model. The ground-based generator catalytic simulation of the winter orographic cloud process is carried out from 1800 UTC to 1900 UTC on 22. The main conclusions are as follows: The silver iodide particles released from the ground-based generator diffuse downwind to the cloud area under the action of airflow and terrain, nucleate and generate ice crystals through freezing and condensation, and consume cloud water. The West and south sides of the ground-based generator are uphill, and the cloud water above is close to the ground. Therefore, the consumption of cloud water and the formation of ice crystals are mainly concentrated over the hillside in the West and south of the ground-based generator. The activation process of silver iodide particles is mainly concentrated from 1800 UTC to 2000 UTC. The activation process promotes the transformation of cloud droplets below 3 km to ice crystals and the transformation of ice crystals to snow in this period time, which increases the content of snow below 3 km, resulting in the enhancement of ground snowfall intensity at 1800 to 2000 UTC and the increase of cumulative ground snowfall. The catalytic test of different doses shows that for this orographic cloud, when the total amount of AgI is within 480 g, the snow enhancement efficiency increases with the raise of the total amount of AgI. When the total amount of AgI increased to 4 800 g, there was excessive seeding. The total amount of AgI is between 480 g and 4 800 g, and there is a total amount value with the maximum snow enhancement efficiency. For the six generators in the ground-based generator array, the more ground-based generator start-up, the greater the snow enhancement efficiency.

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胡建林,陳倩,李斌,楊璟,李圓圓,景曉琴.新疆天山一次冬季地形云過程地面碘化銀催化模擬研究.氣象科學,2025,45(3):410-422 HU Jianlin, CHEN Qian, LI Bin, YANG Jing, LI Yuanyuan, JING Xiaoqin. Simulation of silver iodide ground catalysis in a winter orographic cloud in Tianshan, Xinjiang. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2025,45(3):410-422

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收稿日期:2022-04-07
最后修改日期:2022-05-12
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-08-30
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