2021年“7·12”京津冀地區(qū)極端降水事件的水汽輸送及降水結(jié)構(gòu)分析

doi:10.12306/2025jms.0017

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2021年“7·12”京津冀地區(qū)極端降水事件的水汽輸送及降水結(jié)構(gòu)分析
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                        10.12306/2025jms.0017
                    
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中圖分類號:P426.6
基金項(xiàng)目:國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目(2023YFF0805404)；國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(42175021)

Analysis of water vapor transport and precipitation structure in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei extreme event on 12 July 2021

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利用ERA5再分析資料、葵花8靜止衛(wèi)星云屬性數(shù)據(jù)、全球降水測量計(jì)劃(Global Precipitation Measurement， GPM)雙頻降水雷達(dá)降水結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)據(jù)以及全球綜合多衛(wèi)星檢索(the Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM， GPM IMERG)降水量數(shù)據(jù)，分析了2021年7月12日京津冀地區(qū)一次極端降水事件的水汽輸送及降水結(jié)構(gòu)特征。結(jié)果表明：西太平洋副熱帶高壓西端強(qiáng)盛的西南氣流將低緯度地區(qū)水汽向北輸送，受黃河流域上空的低渦以及渤海上空高壓壩阻擋形成穩(wěn)定的大氣河結(jié)構(gòu)，在京津冀地區(qū)形成顯著的水汽輻合帶，為強(qiáng)降水的發(fā)生提供了充足的水汽條件。垂直剖面分析表明，當(dāng)強(qiáng)降水發(fā)生時(shí)，強(qiáng)上升氣流幾乎貫穿整個(gè)對流層并與強(qiáng)水汽輻合區(qū)基本重疊。7月12日上午，強(qiáng)降水區(qū)與強(qiáng)水汽輻合區(qū)基本重合，午后部分強(qiáng)降水發(fā)生在中等強(qiáng)度輻合區(qū)和弱輻散區(qū)。強(qiáng)降水區(qū)域云頂高度普遍超過12 km，高云頂區(qū)域與強(qiáng)降水落區(qū)基本重疊。此次極端事件以對流降水為主，相較于氣候態(tài)，雷達(dá)反射率因子在低層呈現(xiàn)20 dBZ和30～34 dBZ的雙高頻中心，粒子集中于低層1～2 km，粒徑更小且數(shù)濃度更高。另外，粒子直徑的廓線在6～10 km明顯偏小且隨降水強(qiáng)度變化不規(guī)律，數(shù)濃度偏高。

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This study analyzes the characteristics of water vapor transport and precipitation structure of an extreme precipitation event occurred over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region on 12 July， 2021， based on the ERA5 reanalysis data， Himawari-8 geostationary satellite cloud property data， precipitation structure data from the dual-frequency radar of the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission， and precipitation amount data from the Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM (GPM IMERG). The southwesterly airflow on the western edge of the western Pacific subtropical high transport moisture from low-latitudes to northern China. An Atmospheric River (AR) is formed due to obstruction by a low vortex over the Yellow River Basin and a high-pressure ridge over the Bohai Sea. Inside the AR， a significant moisture convergence belt is seen over the BTH region. It provides ample water vapor condition for heavy rainfall. The vertical profile analysis shows that during heavy rainfall period， strong upward motions penetrate almost the entire troposphere， overlapping with the region of strong moisture convergence. On the morning of 12 July， areas of heavy rainfall coincide with strong moisture convergence regions generally. In the afternoon， heavy rainfall occurs also in the regions of moderate convergence or weak divergence. The cloud top heights in heavy rainfall regions generally exceeds 12 km. The high cloud top area roughly overlaps with the strong precipitation area. This extreme event is dominated by convective precipitation. Compared with climatology， radar reflectivity factors display dual high-frequency peaks of 20 dBZ and 30-34 dBZ at lower levels. Hydrometeors are concentrated at lower levels between 1-2 km， characterized by smaller diameters and higher number concentrations. Additionally， particle diameter profiles are notably smaller at altitudes between 6 and 10 km， showing irregular variations with precipitation intensity but higher number concentrations.

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丁宇軒,朱延年,熊雅婷,任雪娟.2021年“7·12”京津冀地區(qū)極端降水事件的水汽輸送及降水結(jié)構(gòu)分析.氣象科學(xué),2025,45(4):471-481 DING Yuxuan, ZHU Yannian, XIONG Yating, REN Xuejuan. Analysis of water vapor transport and precipitation structure in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei extreme event on 12 July 2021. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2025,45(4):471-481

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收稿日期:2024-12-10
最后修改日期:2025-03-27
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-11-29
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