金沙江下游穿谷大風(fēng)天氣的雷達(dá)回波特征分析

doi:10.12306/2023jms.0055

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金沙江下游穿谷大風(fēng)天氣的雷達(dá)回波特征分析
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                        10.12306/2023jms.0055
                    
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中圖分類號(hào):P412.25
基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(U2242202;U2040212)；中國(guó)氣象局創(chuàng)新發(fā)展專項(xiàng)(CXFZ2022J012)；復(fù)雜地形下云南航空安全氣象關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究及示范(202203A100006)

Analysis of radar echo characteristics of canyon gale events in the downstream of the Jinsha River

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摘要:

為了揭示金沙江下游穿谷大風(fēng)下天氣雷達(dá)回波特征及監(jiān)測(cè)能力，本文利用2018年1月—2022年4月的ERA5再分析資料、天氣雷達(dá)數(shù)據(jù)、探空站和地面氣象觀測(cè)資料，選擇穿谷大風(fēng)個(gè)例，分析金沙江下游典型河谷區(qū)不同季節(jié)穿谷大風(fēng)天氣的環(huán)流形勢(shì)和雷達(dá)回波演變特征。結(jié)果表明：(1)干季(11月—次年4月)和雨季(5—10月)大風(fēng)的尺度類型、影響系統(tǒng)、云系結(jié)構(gòu)和雷達(dá)回波特征差異明顯。雨季大風(fēng)是受西南渦影響的中小尺度對(duì)流性大風(fēng)天氣，云系變化特征表現(xiàn)為塊狀積云快速演變，回波強(qiáng)度超過55 dBZ，在徑向速度場(chǎng)中呈中小尺度輻合線的特征。干季大風(fēng)是500 hPa的偏西風(fēng)繞流青藏高原分成南北兩支氣流，層狀云回波維持，強(qiáng)度在30 dBZ左右，在速度圖上伴隨速度模糊區(qū)、“牛眼”結(jié)構(gòu)和零速度線彎折的鋒面切變特征。(2)風(fēng)廓線產(chǎn)品(Vertical Wind Profile，VWP)反映穿谷大風(fēng)中對(duì)流層的冷暖平流變化?；夭敻?Echo Top，ET)和垂直液態(tài)水含量(Vertically Integrated Liquid，VIL)揭示了雨季大風(fēng)的位置。VIL值增高至最大值后快速減小與大風(fēng)時(shí)間吻合。

Abstract:

In order to investigate the radar echo features and monitoring capabilities of valley-crossing gale events in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River， this study utilized ERA5 reanalysis data， weather radar data，sounding station data and surface meteorological observations from January 2018 to April 2022. By selecting representative cases of valley-crossing gale events， the study analyzed the circulation patterns and evolution of radar echoes during different seasons in the typical river valley area downstream of the Jinsha River. Results show the following two points. Firstly，this study compared the differences in two valley-crossing gale events characteristics between the dry and rainy seasons， including scale types， impact systems， cloud structure， and radial radar echo velocity. The wind during the rainy season (May-October) is a mesoscale convective weather event influenced by the southwestern vortex. The cloud features are characterized by rapidly evolving block-shaped convective echoes， with strong echo cores exceeding 55 dBZ. The velocity field exhibits the characteristics of small and medium-scale convergence lines. The wind during the dry season (November-April) is a large-scale weather event formed by the northward expansion of the 500 hPa westerly jet stream around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and through the gorge. The cloud development is low and flat， with layered cloud echoes maintaining an intensity of around 30 dBZ. The radial velocity characteristics include velocity ambiguity areas， “bull's eye” structures， and bent zero velocity lines. Secondly， The Vertical Wind Profile (VWP) can reflect the changes in temperature advection in the troposphere during valley-crossing gale events. Meanwhile， the height of Echo Top (ET) and the Vertically Integrated Liquid (VIL) reflect the location of rainy season gale events. The VIL value increases to its maximum and then rapidly decreases， which coincides with the time of the gale events.

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張昊楠,尹曄,白愛娟,程志剛,黃迪威.金沙江下游穿谷大風(fēng)天氣的雷達(dá)回波特征分析.氣象科學(xué),2025,45(4):572-583 ZHANG Haonan, YIN Ye, BAI Aijuan, CHENG Zhigang, HUANG Diwei. Analysis of radar echo characteristics of canyon gale events in the downstream of the Jinsha River. Journal of the Meteorological Sciences,2025,45(4):572-583

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收稿日期:2023-05-10
最后修改日期:2023-07-10
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在線發(fā)布日期: 2025-11-29
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